Discover architect, sculptor, court painter Rafaël

Name variations

This field records and makes accessible name variations, as found in sources. Alternate spellings, nicknames, maiden names - with or without the married name - are included in this category.

: Raphael
Sanzio, Raffaello
Santi, Raphael
Raffaello Sanzio
Raffaello Santi da Urbino
Santi, Raffaello
Raffaello
Raffael
signed often as 'Raphael Urbinas'

Qualifications: architect, sculptor, court painter, painter, fresco painter, designer, draftsperson

Nationality/school: Italian

Born: Urbino 1483-03-28/1483-04-07
was on born the 28th or 29th of March or the 6th or 7th of April in 1483 (Chapman 2004); 28 March or 6 April (Talvacchia 2007). Casa Natale di Raffaello, Via Sanzio 57, Urbino.

Deceased: Rome 1520-04-07
according to Chapman 2004; 1520-04-06 (Talvacchia 2007)

Family relationships this field records any family relationship to one or more other artist(s).: son of Giovanni Santi

See also In this field, you will find references to names of groups or to the artists that made/make up groups. You may also come across references to other artists if there was/is question of collaboration without a joint name. This is the case, for instance, with artists who rendered parts of works by other artists (such as with P.P Rubens and J. Brueghel I).

This person/entity in other databases

194 hits in RKDimages as artist
246 hits in RKDlibrary as subject
17 hits in RKDexcerpts as artist
13 hits in RKDtechnical as artist

Suggested searches in RKDartists&

Biographical information

Active in

Perugia 1494 - 1496
pupil of Pietro Vanucci, also called il Perugino
Urbino 1497 - 1504
ca. (Talvacchia 2007)
Perugia 1501 - 1508
Talvacchia 2007
Siena 1501 - 1508
Talvacchia 2007
Florence 1501 - 1508
Talvacchia 2007
Rome 1508 - 1520
Talvacchia 2007

born in

active in

died in

Connections with other artists

Pupil of This field mentions the names of teachers or masters. What is at issue are the teachers who made a significant contribution to the development of a students, as opposed to every instructor they ever had. See also the 'Education' field.: Perugino, Pietro
Pintoricchio
Santi, Giovanni
Viti, Timoteo
Teacher of This field mentions the names of pupils. What is at issue are the pupils who were significantly influenced by a teacher as opposed to every student someone ever had. See also the 'Education' field.: Alfani, Domenico di Paride
Garofalo, Benvenuto Tisi da
Giovanni da Udine
Giulio Romano
Penni, Giovanni Francesco
Perino del Vaga
Vincidor, Tommaso di Andrea
Followed by This field mentions the artist’s emulators. Although students can naturally also be followers, they are not mentioned again here. What is meant by followers are those who continue to work in the spirit of a predecessor. Sometimes this may happen a century later; there is no time limit. What is at issue, however, is that someone’s oeuvre must substantially follow in the manner of the artist emulated.: Barbault, Jean
Champaigne, Jean Baptiste de
Chaperon, Nicolas
Collignon, François
Cozette, Pierre François
Cunego, Luigi
Despujols, Jean
Fratel, Joseph (I)
Influence on This field specifies the artists influenced by the artist in question, without there being question of an educational setting or servile following.: Adamsen, Sten
Albani, Francesco
Allori, Alessandro
Azani da Pavia, Vincenzo degli
Asta, Andrea dell'
Bassano, Jacopo
Batoni, Pompeo Girolamo
Becerra, Gaspar
Colombel, Nicolas
Corneille, Michel (I)
Cornelius, Peter von
Cortese, Guglielmo
Dassier, Adrien
Dufresnoy, Charles Alphonse
Fabre, François Xavier Pascal
Fauchier, Laurent
Favanne, Henri Antoine de
Filippo da Verona
Francois, Claude
Genga, Girolamo
Grazia, Leonardo
Hemessen, Jan van
Jegorov, Alexej Jegorovich
Kempener, Pieter de
Lame, Bagio dalle
Loir, Nicolas Pierre
Lucien, Jean Baptiste
Malatesta, Leonardo di Francesco di Lazzaro
Mazzola, Giuseppe (1748-1838)
Moretto, Alessandro Bonvicino
Parmigianino
Pasinelli, Lorenzo
Polidoro da Caravaggio
Primaticcio, Francesco
Procaccini, Camillo
Pulzone, Scipione
Rodrigo de Holanda (Fray)
Rodriguez, Alonso
Sebastiano del Piombo
Stella, Jacques
Talpino, Enea
Loo, Jean Baptiste van

Subjects This field specifies the various subject categories or genres that constitute the oeuvre of the artist in question. The contents of this field are generally based more on the documentation available at the RKD than on the literature.: allegory, Christian religious scene, mythology, history (genre), portrait

Product: carpet design

Literature

Literature in RKDLibrary: 246 hits in RKDlibrary as subject

Meyssens 1649 , not paginated
Houbraken 1718-1721 , vol. 1 (1718), p. 4, 24, 75, 128, 292; vol. 2 (1719), p. 112, 160, 179, 248, 271, 300, 316-317; vol. 3 (1721), p. 167, 229, 352, 394 (as: Rafael Orbyn, Rafael Sanzio van Urbyn)
Vasari/Milanesi 1878-1882 , vol. 4, 315-386
Hervey 1921 , p. 486 (List of works of art by Raphael in the Arundel Collection in 1655)
Thieme/Becker 1907-1950 , vol. 29 (1935), p. 432-446
Berenson 1968 , vol. 1 (1968), p. 350-355
Witt Checklist 1978 , p. 255
Turner et al. 1996 , vol. 25 (1996), p. 896-910
Bénézit 2006 , vol. 11, p. 673-677 (as: Raphael, real name: Sanzio or Santi)
Alexander-Skipnes et al. 2007 , B.G. Lane, 'Memling's Impact on the Early Raphael', p. 179-192
Miedema 2012 , passim
Cleland 2014 , passim
Saur 1992- , vol. 97 (2018), p. 369 (as: Raffael)
Horn/Van Leeuwen 2021 [Houbraken Translated]

A. J. du Pays, 'De Fornarina', Kunstkronijk 15 (1854), p. 92-96 [translated from the French]
L. R. Beijnen, 'Het geopende graf van Rafael', Kunstkronijk 18 (1857), p. 45-46
Th. von Frimmel, 'Ein Pentiment bei Raffael', Blätter für Gemäldekunde 1/2 (1904), p. 17-21
Th. von Frimmel, 'Zu Raffaels Madonna Piccola Gonzaga’' Blätter für Gemäldekunde 3/3 (1906), p. 54-55
C. Campbell, 'Raphael door Rembrandts pen herschapen', De Kroniek van het Rembrandthuis 27 (1975), p. 20-32
S. Kummer, 'Raffael in Umbrien. Die Tafelbilder', in: D. Dombrowski, K. Heusing & A. Dern, Zwischen den Welten: Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte für Jürg Meyer zur Capellen. Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag, Weimar 2001, p. 56-76
M. Rohlmann, 'Von allen Seiten gleich nackt Raffaels Kompositionskunst in der Loggia di Psiche der Villa Farnesina', Wallraf-Richartz-Jahrbuch 63 (2002), p. 71-92
G. Luijten, 'Rafael en Barocci. De papieren geschiedenis van een losse toets', Kunstschrift 47 (2003), no. 3, p. 16-25
D. Jaffé and A. Bradley, 'Rubens' Massacre of the Innocents', Apollo 157 (2003), p. 11-20
D. R. Marshall, 'Piranesi, Juvarra, and the Triumphal Bridge Tradition', The Art Bulletin 85 (2003), p. 321-352
K. Wren Christian, 'The de' Rossi collection of ancient sculptures, Leo, and Raphael', Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 65 (2002), p. 132-200
L. Pon, 'Parmigianino and Raphael. A note on the foreground baby from the ''Massacre of the Innocents'', Apollo 159 (January 2004), p. 6-7
J. Vittet, 'Découvertes sur la provenance de plusieurs tableaux célèbres des collections de Louis XIV', La revue du Louvre 2 (April 2004), p. 55-61
A. Roy, M. Spring, C. Plazotta, 'Raphael's Early Work in the National Gallery: Paintings before Rome', National Gallery Technical Bulletin no. 25 (2004), p. 4-35
M. Viljoen, 'Prints and False Antiquities in the Age of Raphael ', Print Quarterly 21 (2004), p. 236-247
M. H. Loh, 'New and Improved: Repetition as Originality in Italian Baroque Practice and Theory', The Art Bulletin 86 (2004), p. 477-504
H. Chapman, T. Henry, C. Plazzotta, Raphael: from Urbino to Rome, New Haven 2004
T. Henry, 'Raphael and Siena', Apollo 160, no. 512, October 2004, p. 52-56
D. Cooper, C. Plazzotta, 'Raphael's Ansidei altarpiece in the National Gallery', The Burlington Magazine, 146 (2004), no. 1220, p. 720-731
D. Cooper, 'New documents for Raphael and his patrons in Perugia', The Burlington Magazine, 146, no. 1220, p. 742-744
J. Dunkerton, A. Roy, 'The altered background of Raphael's "Portrait of Pope Julius II" in the National Gallery', The Burlington Magazine, 146, no. 1220, p. 757-759
D. Ekserdjian, 'The making of Raphael', Apollo 160, no. 514, December 2004, p. 76-78
J. Grabski, 'The Lost "Portrait of a Young Man" (attributed to Raphael) from the Collection of the Princes Czartoryski Family in Cracow. A Contribution to Studies on the Typology of the Renaissance portrait', Artibus et Historiae. An Art Anthology, no. 50 (XXV), 2004, p. ?
T. Henry, 'Raphael's "Siege of Perugia"', The Burlington Magazine 146 (2004), p. 745-748
P. Joannides, 'Raphael: a sorority of Madonnas', The Burlington Magazine 146 (2004), p. 749-752
A. Nesselrath, 'Lotto as Raphael's collaborator in the Stanza di Eliodoro', The Burlington Magazine 146 (2004), p. 732-741
S.J. Rose, 'Raphaël. La trajectoire lumineuse', Beaux Arts Magazine, no. 246, November 2004, p. 82-89
L.A. Waldman, 'A Raphael riddle resolved', The Burlington Magazine 146 (2004), p. 753-757
K. Wren Christian, 'Raphael's "Philemon" and the collecting of antiquities in Rome', The Burlington Magazine 146 (2004), p. 760-763
S. Padovani, 'I ritratti Doni: Raffaello e il suo "eccentrico" amico, il Maestro di Serumido', Paragone, May 2005, p. 3-26
S. Blin, 'La Déposition de Raphaël', Connaissance des Arts no. 632 (October 2005), p. 102-105
P. Joannides, 'On, around, and after a New Drawing by Raphael', Master Drawings 3 (2005), p. 356-371
F. Siepe, 'Die Kniende in Raffaels ''Transfiguration''- eine Venusgestalt', Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 68 (2005), no. 4, p. 547-553
D. Lang Clark, 'The Masturbating Venuses of Raphael, Giorgione, Titian, Ovid, Martial, and Polizano', Aurora 6 (2005), p. 1-16
L. Wolk-Simon, Raphael at the Metropolitan. ''The Colonna Altarpice''', The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Spring 2006)
P. Joannides, 'More on Rubens' interest in Michelangelo and Raphael', Paragone 57 (2006), no. 677, p. 31-39
J. Meyer zur Capellen, review of exh. cat. Chapman 2004, Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte (2006), no. 4, p. 561-564
J. Burke, 'Sex and Spirituality in 1500s Rome: Sebastiano del Piombo's ''Martyrdom of Saint Agatha'' ', The Art Bulletin 88 (2006), no. 3, p. 482-495
J. Unglaub, 'Bernardo Accolti, Raphael's ''Parnassus'' and a new portrait by Andres del Sarto', The Burlington Magazine 149 (2007) 1246, p. 14-22
P. Rubin, ' ''Contemplating fragments of ancient marbles'' : sitters and statues in sixteenth-century portraiture', Studiolo (2006), no. 4, p. 17-38
J. Wood, 'Rubens and Raphael: The Designs for the Tapestries in the Sistine Chapel', in: K. Van der Stighelen (ed.), Munuscula Amicorum. Contributions on Rubens and His Colleagues in Honor of Hans Vlieghe, Turnhout 2006, p. 259-282
T. Zakula, 'Improving on Raphael: Gerard de Lairesse's Heliodorus', Simiolus 32 (2006), p. 147-155
C. C. Bambach, 'A new drawing by the young Raphael and its source in Donatello', The Burlington Magazine 149 (2007), no. 1256, p. 772-778
B. Talvacchia, Raphael, London 2007
G. Ehret, 'Raffaels Madonnen', Weltkunst 81 (2011), 9, p. 64-65
A. Henning, 'A painter of souls', Apollo (2011), September, p. 58-63
A. Ferrigno, 'Une nouvelle identification de la Fornarina de Raphaël (vers 1518-1519). Le peintre, la belle et le banquier', Les Cahiers d' Histoire de l' Art 11 (2013), p. 7-13
E-S.J. Kang, 'Raphael's "Transfiguration" and an Outline of a Head in the Louvre "Drapery Study"', Master Drawings 51 (2013), p. 435-444
P. Nuttall, 'Raphael and the "History of Troy" tapestries at Urbino. The Judgment of Paris and the "Dream of a Knight"', in: J. Harris, S. Nethersole, P. Rumberg (eds), Un' insalata di più erbe. A Festschrift for Patricia L. Rubin, London 2011, p. 37-48
L. Pon, 'Raphael's Acts of the Apostles' tapesties for Leo X: sight, sound, and space in the Sixtine Chapel', The Art Bulletin 97 (2015), p. 388-408
L. Pon, 'Raphael and the renaissance arts of collaboration' Center 37 (2017), p. 168-171
T. Henry, 'Raphael in Oxford and Vienna', The Burlington Magazine 160 (2018) no. 1380, p. 226-233

Documentation RKD

This field specifies the location of the various RKD documentation materials. Most of the locations refer to our art-historical image documentation. In addition, you will find references to press documentation (clippings and short articles) here.

Archive location: archief Godefridus Johannes Hoogewerff
Project: Gerson Digital : Italy

External links: this artist in Treccani

Permalink: https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/65622

Creation date: 1992-01-24; Last modified date: 2023-02-09

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Rafaël

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