Rembrandt

Illustration number 1001246703
Dimensions: 558x650 pixels
License under PUB DOM

Illustration number 0000088850
Dimensions: 650x568 pixels
License undetermined

Illustration number 0000088849
Dimensions: 650x568 pixels
License undetermined

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Object information

Object category: painting
Support/medium: canvas, oil paint
Shape/dimensions: rectangle (portrait format) 109.2 x 94.4 cm

Signature/inscription Information about the signature, dating, inscription or any other mark on the front or back of the art work

signed and dated lower right: Rembrant.f 163[.]
The last digit of the date is illegible, but has been read as a 2, a 3 and a 7 (Laskin/Pantazzi 1987, p. 244-246).

Current attribution: Rembrandt

Date Exact or approximate dating of the described art work; the search parameters adopted for this art work in this database, are found in brackets.: dated 163[.] (1632 - 1633)

The last digit of the date is illegible, but has been read as a 2, a 3 and a 7 (Laskin/Pantazzi 1987, p. 244-246). According to the RRP the spelling of 'Rembrant' without a 'd' occurs in 1632 and 1633 on etchings and in 1633 and 1634 on paintings by Rembrandt. Most authors date the painting around 1632/1633 (see for instance: Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings 1982-2015, vol. 2 (1986), no. A 64; Schröder/Bisanz-Prakken 2004, no. 74; Vergara/Posada/Westermann 2008, no. 11).

Subject

Title Title of the art-work in Dutch: Een jonge vrouw aan haar toilet
Other (former) title Other title(s) or name(s) which the work of art has had, or by which it is also known. This sometimes involves rejected identifications of the subject or sitter.: Esther at her toilet , Bathsheba at her toilet , Judith at het toilet
English title: A young woman at her toilet
Genre: undetermined
Keywords: history (genre), Old Testament and Apocrypha, young woman, old woman, making toilet, chair
Iconclass code Iconclass codes and text contain specific scenes and names. An Iconclass code or notation is a code from the multi-lingual Iconclass system for subject retrieval. For more information about this system, see www.iconclass.nl.: 71Q231
Esther makes her toilet
71I12
Bathsheba being prepared for a visit to Solomon
71U413
Judith's toilet; she puts on her finest clothes
: There is no consensus of opinion on the subject of this painting, for which different suggestions have been made. In the earlier art-historical literature the painting was referred to as 'A Jewish bride' (Smith 1829-1842, vol. 7 (1836), no 494). Hofstede de Groot gave the painting the more general title 'A young woman at het toilet' (Hofstede de Groot 1907-1928, vol. 6 (1915), no. 311). Kauffman suggested that the painting depicted the shepherdess Bocena (Kaufmann 1920, p. 76). From 1909 onwards the painting was often listed in the art-historical literature as 'Bathsheba at her toilet' (see for instance: Rosenberg/Valentiner 1909, p. 107; Bredius 1935, no. 494; Bauch 1966, no. 9). In 1966 Kahr interpreted the subject of the painting as Esther who was making her toilet before meeting Ahasverus, which was already suggested by Heckscher in 1958 (Heckscher 1958, p. 118, 176; Kahr 1966, p. 228-244). The RRP proposed an identification with Judith, waiting to meet Holofernus (Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings 1982-2015, vol. 2 (1986), no. A 64). Since the subject of the painting has not yet been securely identified most art historians refer to the painting with a more general title such as 'A heroine from the old testament' or the one given by Hofstede de Groot in 1915 (Hofstede de Groot 1907-1928, vol. 6 (1915), no. 311; Laskin/Pantazzi 1987, p. 244-246, p. 244-246).

Artistically related

Artistically related to other work Such as a preparatory studie, comparable composition, other version, or copy of the artwork in this record.

freely used as an example
circle of Rembrandt, Batseba met Davids brief
according to the RRP (Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings 1982-2015, vol. 5 (2011), p. 271-275)

Provenance

Collection(s)

private collection Marie-Anne-Catherine Doublet (Mme de Bandeville), France
- 1787-12-03 date of auction
private collection Peter Thellusson (1st Baron Rendlesham), Rendlesham (Suffolk)
- 1809-05-17 date of auction
private collection Henry Phipps (1st earl of Mulgrave), England
lent to the British Museum in 1818 (London 1814-1824, 1818, no. 35)
- 1832-05-12 date of auction
Private collection
J. Séguier, London (Smith 1829-1842, vol. 7 (1836), no 494; Laskin/Pantazzi 1987, p. 244-246)
1832-05-12 - according to the RRP Séguier bought the painting at the auction of 1832 (Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings 1982-2015, vol. 2 (1986), no. A 64)
private collection Sir William Wellesley Knighton (2nd Baronet), Blendworth Lodge (Hampshire)
- 1885-05-21 date of auction
art dealer Colnaghi, London/New York
1885-05-21 - bought at auction
private collection Charles Robinson
- 1891 by 1888, until 1891 (Van Schendel 1956, no. 21; Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings 1982-2015, vol. 2 (1986), no. A 64; Laskin/Pantazzi 1987, p. 244-246)
art dealer Charles Sedelmeyer, Paris (France) , inv./cat.nr 1898, no. 120
1891 -
private collection Fürst von Liechtenstein, Vaduz/Vienna/Valtice (Czech Republic)
by 1891 (Laskin/Pantazzi 1987, p. 244-246)
National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa (Canada) , inv./cat.nr 6089
1953 - purchased through Schab, New York, in 1953 (Laskin/Pantazzi 1987, p. 244-246)

Auction(s)

Peter Coxe, Londen (Engeland), 1806-06-20, lotnr. 47
Contributor: 1st Baron of Rendlesham Peter Isaac Thellusson
Name buyer : bought in, 367.10

according to an annotation in a copy of the sale catalogue (Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam), Lugt no. 7129: "The Jew Bride – small whole length, a first rate Performance of this highly esteemed and universally admired Painter, all his great merit is concentred in this admirable specimen of his unrivalled abilities, most capital"
Peter Coxe, Londen (Engeland), 1809-05-17 - 1809-05-18, lotnr. 52
Contributor: 1st Baron of Rendlesham Peter Isaac Thellusson
Name buyer : bought in, 210

according to an annotation in a copy of the sale catalogue (RKD, The Hague), Lugt no. 7590: "The Jew Bride - small whole length, a first rate performance of this highly esteemed and universally admired Painter, all his great merit is concentrated in this admirable specimen of his unrivalled abilities to produce finishing with effect"
Christie's, Londen (Engeland), 1832-05-12, lotnr. 45
Contributor: 1st earl of Mulgrave Henry Phipps
Name buyer : Séguier, 120.15

according to an annotation in a copy of the sale catalogue (RKD, The Hague), Lugt no. 12982: "The Jew Bride - small whole length, - a first-rate performance of this highly esteemed Painter"
Christie's, Londen (Engeland), 1885-05-21 - 1885-05-23, lotnr. 485
Contributor: Sir William Wellesley Knighton (2nd Baronet)
Name buyer : M. Colnaghi, 80

according to an annotation in a copy of the sale catalogue (RKD, The Hague), Lugt no. 44957: "A Jewish bride. 43 in. by 36 in."
Remy (Paris) 1787-12-03 - 1787-12-10, lotnr. 14
Contributor Mme. de Bandeville Marie-Anne-Catherine Doublet
Name buyer : Pierre Remy (Getty Provenance Index F-A913) , 1800 Livres

according to an annotation in a copy of the sale catalogue (RKD, The Hague) , Lugt no. 4227: "Une Femme Juive, ayant la main droite posée sur sa poitrine, & la gauche sur le bras d’un fauteuil dans lequel elle est assise; elle est vêtue d’une robe de mousseline à grandes manches & d ‘un manteaux d’écarlate orné richement de broderie d’or: ses deux pantoufles aussi brodées; un collier & des bracelets de perles; elle a une plume sur la tête, attaché par une bandelette avec des perles & une pierre de couleur; une autre femme lui accommode ses cheveux; derriere elle est la table de toilette. Ce Tableau réunit toutes les qualités effentielles; aussi il est en grande reputation, parce que l’on ne croit pas qu’il soit possible de trouver un portrait de Rembrandt plus parfait que l’est celui-ci, Il est sur toile & porte 3 pieds 3 pouces de haut, sur 2 pieds 9 pouces de large [= 105.3 X 89.1 cm]."

Exhibitions and literature

Exhibitions

British Institution for promoting the fine arts in the United Kingdom [etc., 1814-1816, 1818-1821, 1823-1824] British Institution , London (England) , 1814 - 1824 , 1818, cat. no. 35
De Rembrandt tentoonstelling te Amsterdam Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam , Amsterdam (city) , 1898-09 - 1898-11 , cat. no. 21
300 paintings by old masters of the Dutch, Flemish, Italian, French and English schools being some of the principal pictures which have at various times formed part of the Sedelmeyer Gallery [1898] Sedelmeyer Gallery , Paris , 1898 - 1899 , cat. no. 120
Paintings by European masters from public and private collections in Toronto, Montreal and Ottawa Art Gallery of Toronto , Toronto (Canada) , 1954 , cat. no. 14
Paintings by European masters from public and private collections in Toronto, Montreal and Ottawa Montreal Museum of Fine Arts , Montreal (Canada) , 1954 , cat. no. 14
Rembrandt : tentoonstelling ter herdenking van de geboorte van Rembrandt op 15 juli 1606 Rijksmuseum Amsterdam , Amsterdam (city) , 1956-05-18 - 1956-08-05 , cat. no. 21
Rembrandt : tentoonstelling ter herdenking van de geboorte van Rembrandt op 15 juli 1606 Museum Boymans , Rotterdam (city) , 1956-08-08 - 1956-10-21 , cat. no. 21
Rembrandt to Van Gogh Vancouver Art Gallery , Vancouver (Canada) , 1957-09-17 - 1957-10-13 , ill. 6
Rembrandt and his pupils [Montreal, 1969] Montreal Museum of Fine Arts , Montreal (Canada) , 1969-01-19 - 1969-02-23 , cat. no. 9
Rembrandt and his pupils Art Gallery of Ontario , Toronto (Canada) , 1969-03-15 - 1969-04-29 , cat. no. 9
Rembrandt's women National Gallery of Scotland , Edinburgh , 2001-06-08 - 2001-09-02 , cat. no. 20
Rembrandt's women Royal Academy of Arts , London (England) , 2001-09-22 - 2001-12-16 , cat. no. 20
Rembrandt Graphische Sammlung Albertina , Vienna (city) , 2004-03-26 - 2004-06-27 , cat. no. 74
Rembrandt : pintor de historias Museo Nacional del Prado , Madrid (city, Spain) , 2008-10-15 - 2009-01-06 , cat. no. 11
Rembrandt intime Musée Jacquemart-André , Paris , 2016-09-16 - 2017-01-23 , cat. no. 21

Literature

London 1814-1824 , 1818, no. 35
Smith 1829-1842 , vol. 7 (1836), no 494
Vosmaer 1877 , p. 495
Hofstede de Groot 1898 , no. 21
Sedelmeyer 1898 , no. 120
Moes 1897-1905 , vol. 2 (1905), no. 6686:8
Rosenberg/Valentiner 1909 , p. 107
Hofstede de Groot 1907-1928 (German edition) , vol. 6 (1915), no. 311
Kaufmann 1920 , p. 76
Hofstede de Groot 1923-1924B , p. 57
Bredius 1935 , no. 494
Wilhelm/Hilber 1948 , no. 106
Toronto 1954 , no. 14
Van Schendel 1956 , no. 21
Vancouver 1957 , ill. 6
Heckscher 1958 , p. 118, 176
Bauch 1966 , no. 9
Kahr 1966 , p. 228-244
Gerson 1968 , no. 58
Bredius/Gerson 1969 , no. 494
Haverkamp-Begemann 1969A , p. 287, 294
Held 1969 , p. 387, 389
Judson 1969A , p. 703
Montreal 1969 , no. 9
Stolow/Hanlan/Boyer 1969 , p. 144-149
Van de Waal 1969 , p. 199, note 3
Lecaldano/Arpino 1969 , no. 91
Stam 1973 , p. 76-77, 94-95
Bolten/Bolten-Rempt 1978 , no. 142
Logan 1983 , p. 85, note 5
Slatkes 1983 , p. 48-50, 123-124, note 84-85
Schwartz 1984 , ill. 173
Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings 1982-2015 , vol. 2 (1986), no. A 64
Tümpel 1986 , no. 8
Laskin/Pantazzi 1987 , p. 244-46
Slatkes 1992 , no. 11
Van Thiel 1992 , p. 76, no. 21
Lloyd Williams/Dudok van Heel 2001 , no. 20
Schröder/Bisanz-Prakken 2004 , no. 74
Hirschfelder 2008 , no. 411
Vergara/Posada/Westermann 2008 , no. 11
Sluijter 2015 , p. 207
Starcky et al. 2016 , no. 21

Visual documentation

Visual documentation

Location image Location of the image in the visual documentation.

BD/Digital Collection (img.nr. 1001246703)
, Original location BD/RKD/0700 - ONS/Dated Works (img.nr. 0000088850)
, Original location BD/RKD/0550 - ONS/Religion, Mythology, Allegory, History and Literature: Rembrandt and School (img.nr. 0000088849)

Project: The Rembrandt Database

Technical documentation

The RKD manages a collection of technical documentation that has been given to us by external researchers and museums or which stems from the RKD's own research with infrared reflectography. Documentation can be accessed by appointment at the RKD. While not all technical documentation has been entered in the database at present, new data is added on a regular basis.

2 hits in RKD technical, relating to:

Technical examination type

Research and restoration projects

conservation, 1968 1 hits"glue-lining was removed, the painting was relined using a wax-resin adhesive, and varnish and overpaint were removed before revarnishing and minimal inpainting (Laskin/Pantazzi 1987, p. 244)"

External links: werbsite museum

Permalink: https://rkd.nl/explore/images/46826

Creation date: 2002-02-04; Last modified date: 2021-12-14

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Rembrandt

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